Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo ngumbhobho wentsimbi othungelweyo.Imveliso yayo kukuba ukugoba ityhubhu engenanto (ipleyiti yentsimbi kunye nomcu wentsimbi) ibe ityhubhu enemilo efunekayo enqamlezayo kunye nobukhulu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubumba, kwaye emva koko usebenzise iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda ukuwelda i-weld seam kunye.Inkqubo yokufumana imibhobho yentsimbi.
Xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo kunye nombhobho odityanisiweyo, uneempawu zokuchaneka kwemveliso ephezulu, ngakumbi ukuchaneka kobukhulu bodonga, izixhobo eziphambili ezilula, unyawo oluncinci, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwimveliso, imveliso eguquguqukayo, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwemveliso yeyunithi.
Enye, Inkqubo yemveliso yombhobho wentsimbi ejikelezayo ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Izinto ekrwada zombhobho wentsimbi spiral yicoil yentsimbi, i-welding wire kunye ne-flux.
2. Ngaphambi kokuqulunqa, intsimbi ye-strip ihlanjululwe, inqunywe, icwangciswe, icociwe, ihanjiswe kwaye igobe ngaphambili.
3. Isixhobo sokulawula i-gap ye-weld sisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-gap ye-weld ihlangabezana neemfuno ze-welding, kwaye ububanzi bombhobho, ukungahambi kakuhle kunye ne-weld gap ilawulwa ngokungqongqo.
4. Emva kokusika kwimibhobho yentsimbi enye, imibhobho emithathu yokuqala yentsimbi yebhetshi nganye kufuneka ingene kwinkqubo engqongqo yokuhlola kuqala ukujonga iipropati zomatshini, ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, imeko yokudityaniswa kwee-welds, umgangatho womphezulu wemibhobho yentsimbi kunye novavanyo olungonakalisi. ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokwenza umbhobho ifanelekile.Emva koko, inokufakwa ngokusemthethweni kwimveliso.
Okwesibini, umthungo othe tye wantywiliselwa wearc umbhobho odityanisiweyo:
Umbhobho odityanisiweyo othe ngqo we-arc (LSAW) usebenzisa iipleyiti zentsimbi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, kwaye utyhubela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokwenza imibhobho edityanisiweyo ngokudibanisa i-arc enamacala amabini kunye nokwandiswa kwedayamitha ye-post-welding.
Izixhobo eziphambili zibandakanya umatshini wokugaya, umatshini wokugoba kwangaphambili, umatshini wokwenza, umatshini we-welding wangaphambili, umatshini wokwandisa ububanzi, njl. Ngelo xesha, iindlela zokuqulunqa iipayipi ze-LSAW ziquka i-UO (UOE), i-RB (RBE), i-JCO. (JCOE), njl njl. Ipleyiti yensimbi icinezelwe kuqala kwi-U shape kwi-forming die, ize icinezelwe ibe yi-O shape, kwaye emva koko i-arc ifakwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle i-arc welding yenziwa.Emva kwe-welding, i-diameter (Ukwandisa) ekupheleni okanye ubude bonke budla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-UOE welded pipe, kwaye enye ngaphandle kokwandisa ububanzi ibizwa ngokuba yi-UOE welded pipe.Kuba UO welded umbhobho.Ipleyiti yentsimbi ifakwe kwimilo (i-Roll Bending), kwaye emva koko i-arc ye-arc yangaphakathi nangaphandle iqhutywe.Emva kwe-welding, i-diameter iyandiswa ibe ngumbhobho odityanisiweyo we-RBE okanye umbhobho odityanisiweyo we-RBE ngaphandle kokwandiswa kobubanzi.Ipleyiti yentsimbi yenziwe ngokomyalelo we-JCO-uhlobo, kwaye emva kwe-welding, i-diameter iyandiswa ibe ngumbhobho odibeneyo we-JCOE okanye umbhobho odityanisiweyo we-JCO ngaphandle kokwandiswa kobubanzi.
Inkqubo yokwenza umbhobho we-UOE LSAW:
Iinkqubo ezintathu eziphambili zokwenza umbhobho we-UOE LSAW wokwenza umbhobho wensimbi ziquka: ipleyiti yensimbi yangaphambili yokugoba, i-U yokwenza kunye ne-O yokwenza.Inkqubo nganye isebenzisa umshicileli okhethekileyo wokubumba ukugqiba iinkqubo ezintathu zokugoba kwangaphambili umgca weplate yensimbi, u-U ukwenza kunye no-O ukwenza ngokulandelelana, kunye nokuguqula isitya sentsimbi kwityhubhu ejikelezayo.
Inkqubo yokwenza umbhobho we-JCOE LSAW:
Ukuqulunqa: Emva kokunyathela ngamanyathelo amaninzi kumatshini wokwenza i-JC0, isiqingatha sokuqala seplate yensimbi sicinezelekile kwi-"J" imilo, kwaye esinye isiqingatha seplate yensimbi sicinezelwe kwi-"J" imilo ukuze yenze. i-C” imilo, kwaye ekugqibeleni icinezelwe ukusuka embindini ukuze Yenza i-"0" evulekileyo yesitokhwe setyhubhu.
Ukuthelekiswa kweJCO kunye neendlela zokubumba ze-UO:
Ukwakhiwa kwe-JCO kukwenza uxinzelelo oluqhubela phambili, olutshintsha inkqubo yokwenza umbhobho wensimbi ukusuka kumanyathelo amabini e-UO eyenza i-multi-step.Ngethuba lenkqubo yokwenza, i-deformation ye-steel plate ifana, uxinzelelo oluseleyo luncinci, kwaye umphezulu awuvelisi imikrwelo.
Imibhobho yensimbi ecutshungulweyo inokuguquguquka okukhulu kubukhulu kunye noluhlu olucacileyo lobubanzi kunye nobukhulu bodonga, kwaye inokuvelisa zombini iimveliso ezinkulu kunye nezincinci;inokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi enodonga olukhulu olunobubanzi obukhulu, kwaye inokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi enobubanzi obuncinci kunye nengqindilili;ingakumbi ekuvelisweni kwemibhobho enodonga olungqingqwa yodidi oluphezulu, ingakumbi imibhobho enodonga olungqingqwa emincinci naphakathi, eneenzuzo ezingenakuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo.
Iyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezininzi zabasebenzisi ngokubhekiselele kwiinkcukacha zemibhobho yensimbi.Utyalo-mali luncinci, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphantsi, kwaye imveliso yonyaka jikelele yi-100,000 ukuya kwi-250,000 yeetoni.
Ukubumba kwe-UO kwenziwa ngu-U kunye no-O amaxesha amabini okubunjwa koxinzelelo.Ibonakaliswa ngumthamo omkhulu kunye nemveliso ephezulu.Ngokubanzi, imveliso yonyaka inokufikelela kwi-300,000 ukuya kwi-1 yezigidi zeetoni, ezilungele ukuveliswa kobuninzi benkcazo enye.
3. Umthungo othe nkqo umbhobho odityanisiweyo wefrikhwensi ephezulu:
Umthungo othe ngqo we-high-frequency welded pipe (ERW) kukutshisa kwaye unyibilike umgca we-billet ityhubhu ngokusebenzisa impembelelo yesikhumba kunye nefuthe elisondeleyo le-high-frequency yangoku emva kokuba i-coil eshushu iqhutywe ngumshini wokwenza, kunye noxinzelelo. i-welding yenziwa phantsi kwesenzo se-roller extrusion ukuphumeza imveliso.
Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo, okwaziwa ngokuba ngumbhobho odityanisiweyo, ngumbhobho wentsimbi owenziwe ngepleyiti yentsimbi okanye ngentsimbi yomtya emva kokukrala kunye nokuwelda.Umbhobho wensimbi odityanisiweyo unenkqubo elula yokuvelisa, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ephezulu, iintlobo ezininzi kunye neenkcukacha, kunye notyalo-mali oluncinci lwezixhobo, kodwa amandla ayo ngokubanzi angaphantsi kunombhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo.
Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1930, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemveliso eqhubekayo yokuqengqeleka kwentsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji yokuwelda kunye nokuhlola, umgangatho we-welds uphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye iintlobo kunye neenkcukacha zemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo ziye zanda imihla ngemihla. .Umbhobho wentsimbi yomthungo.Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yohlulwe ibe yimibhobho edityanisiweyo ethe tye kunye nemibhobho edityanisiweyo eshukumayo ngokohlobo lwe-weld seam.
Ukuhlelwa ngendlela yokuvelisa: ukuhlelwa kwenkqubo - i-arc welded pipe, i-electric resistance welded pipe, (i-high frequency, i-low frequency) i-gas welded pipe, i-furnace welded pipe.Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho odityanisiweyo othe tye ilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphezulu, ixabiso liphantsi, kwaye uphuhliso lukhawuleza.Amandla ombhobho odityanisiweyo we-spiral uphezulu ngokubanzi kunombhobho odityanisiweyo othe tye, kwaye umbhobho odityanisiweyo onobubanzi obukhulu unokuveliswa kunye nebillet encinci, kunye nemibhobho edityanisiweyo enobubanzi obuhlukeneyo inokuveliswa kunye nobubanzi obufanayo.Kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho ochanekileyo wobude obufanayo, ubude be-weld bunyuswe nge-30 ~ 100%, kwaye isantya sokuvelisa siphantsi.
Imigangatho yeMveliso
Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimibhobho edityanisiweyo zezi: Q235A, Q235C, Q235B, 16Mn, 20 #, Q345, L245, L290, X42, X46, X60, X80, 0Cr13, 1Cr17, 00Cr19Nir19Nir1Cr11, etc.
Izikhewu ezisetyenziselwa imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo ziipleyiti zetsimbi okanye intsimbi yentsimbi, ezahlulwe zibe yimibhobho edityanisiweyo yesithando somlilo, imibhobho yombane edityanisiweyo (i-resistance welding) kunye nemibhobho edityanisiweyo ye-arc ezenzekelayo ngenxa yeenkqubo zabo zokudibanisa.Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda, yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini: umbhobho odityanisiweyo othe ngqo kunye nombhobho odityanisiweyo ojikelezayo.Ngenxa yobume bayo bokuphela, ihlulwe ibe ngumbhobho odibeneyo ojikelezileyo kunye ne-special-shaped (i-square, flat, njl.) ipayipi edibeneyo.Ngenxa yezixhobo zabo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, imibhobho edityanisiweyo yohlulwe ngokwezi ntlobo zilandelayo:
I-GB/T3091-2001 (umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo odityanisiweyo wokuhambisa ulwelo oluphantsi koxinzelelo).Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amanzi, igesi, umoya, ioyile kunye nokufudumeza amanzi ashushu okanye umphunga kunye nolunye ulwelo oluphantsi loxinzelelo jikelele kunye nezinye iinjongo.Izinto zayo ezimele: Q235A ibakala lentsimbi.
I-GB/T14291-2006 (imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yokuthutha ulwelo lwasemgodini).Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo ethe tye yomoya oxinzelelweyo womoya, amanzi okuhambisa amanzi, kunye nerhasi yokukhupha i-shaft.Izinto zayo ezimeleyo yi-Q235A kunye ne-B grade steel.I-GB/T14980-1994 (imibhobho yentsimbi ene-diameter-diameter-welding-welding yentsimbi yokuthutha ulwelo oluphantsi).Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amanzi, ilindle, igesi, umoya, ukufudumeza umphunga kunye nolunye ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nezinye iinjongo.Izinto zayo ezimeleyo yintsimbi ye-Q235A yebakala.
I-GB/T12770-2002 (imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yensimbi engenasici kwizakhiwo zoomatshini).Isetyenziswa kakhulu koomatshini, iimoto, iibhayisekile, ifenitshala, ihotele kunye nokuhombisa indawo yokutyela kunye nezinye iinxalenye zoomatshini kunye nezakhiwo.Izixhobo zayo ezimele ziyi-0Cr13, 1Cr17, 00Cr19Ni11, 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni11Nb, njl.
I-GB/T12771-1991 (imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yentsimbi yokuthuthwa kwamanzi).Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuhambisa imidiya eyingozi ephantsi yoxinzelelo.Izinto ezimeleyo zi-0Cr13, 0Cr19Ni9, 00Cr19Ni11, 00Cr17, 0Cr18Ni11Nb, 0017Cr17Ni14Mo2, njl.
Ukongeza, imibhobho edityanisiweyo yensimbi engenasici yokuhombisa (GB/T 18705-2002), imibhobho edityanisiweyo yentsimbi yokuhombisa yezakhiwo (JG/T 3030-1995), imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo yombane yoxinzelelo oluphantsi (GB/ T 3091-2001), kunye neWelded steel pipes for heat exchangers (YB4103-2000).
Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa kunye nenkqubo
Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbhobho odityanisiweyo othe tye ilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphezulu, ixabiso liphantsi, kwaye uphuhliso lukhawuleza.Amandla ombhobho we-spiral welded welded ngokubanzi uphezulu kunombhobho odityanisiweyo othe tye, kwaye umbhobho odityanisiweyo onobubanzi obukhulu unokuveliswa kunye ne-billet emxinwa, kunye nemibhobho edityanisiweyo enobubanzi obuhlukeneyo inokuveliswa kunye nobubanzi obufanayo.Kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho ochanekileyo wobude obufanayo, ubude be-weld bunyuswe nge-30 ~ 100%, kwaye isantya sokuvelisa siphantsi.
Imibhobho edityanisiweyo ene-diameter enkulu okanye i-diameter engqindilili ngokubanzi yenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiibhilithi zetsimbi, ngelixa iibhobho ezincinci ezidityanisiweyo kunye nemibhobho edityanisiweyo edibeneyo kufuneka idityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo ngamacu entsimbi.Emva koko emva kokupolisha okulula, ukuxubha kuyo.Ngoko ke, uninzi lwemibhobho edityanisiweyo enedayamitha emincinci ithatha ukuwelda komthungo othe tye, kwaye uninzi lwemibhobho edityanisiweyo enkulu ithatha i-spiral welding.
Isongezelelo: Umbhobho odityanisiweyo udityaniswe ngentsimbi yomtya, ngoko ke ubume bawo abukho phezulu njengabo bombhobho ongenamthungo.
Inkqubo yombhobho odityanisiweyo
I-Raw material decoiling-leveling-end cutting and welding-loop-forming-welding-ukususwa kwamaso e-welding yangaphakathi nangaphandle-pre-calibration-induction ubushushu unyango-ubungakanani kunye nokuqondisa-uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-eddy- Ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwamanzi-Ukusika-ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo-okugqibela ukuhlolwa (itshekhi engqongqo) -ukupakisha-inqanawa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-09-2023